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| Kuv Kev Ua Hauj Lwm Kuv Kev Ua Si Thov Kev Pab Kev Cai Tswv Yim Tsim Lub VevXaij Cov ntawv no yog Nkauj Hli Yaj (Kao-Ly Yang) tug tsim txij xyoo 2002 los, los sis yog nws yog tus tswj kav Tsis pub sim muag noj muag haus. Yog yuav siv cov ntawv, cov duab los sis lwm yam, yuav tsum thov nws tso cai ua ntej |
| TEEB MEEM UA NEEJ Kev Txo Yus Tus Kheej Txoj Sia: Hmoob Cov Tub Ntxhais Hluas Kev Nyuab Siab Essay on Hmong Teenagers' Suicide Essai sur les causes de suicide chez les adolescents hmong américains Tus sau: Chris Lis Cov ntsiab lus: suicide / kev txo yus tus kheej txoj sia, depression / kev nyuab siab ntxhov plawv, teenager / tub ntxhais hluas, Hmong Fresno / Hmoob nyob Fresno "Tsis hais tawm ces ntshe tsis muaj leej twg paub, thaum tsis paub ces yuav pab tsis tau, Lino, muaj teeb meem, thov hais tawm kom paub pab thiab pab tau". If you don't share your problems, no one will know them. When no one knows, there will be nobody to help you. Wen you have problems, let everybody know so that they can help you and help very fast and in an efficient way. Si tu ne dis pas fortement tes problèmes, personne ne les saura, quand personne ne le sait, il n'y a personne pour t'aider. Alors quand tu as des problèmes, hurle-les pour qu'on puisse t'aider et t'aider de façon efficace et rapide. Three years ago, in 2002, more than 8 Hmong Teens committed suicide in the space of some months in Fresno, California. It was a shock for the whole community. I think the most touched by this matter were Hmong teenagers themselves. Chris Lee, a young man, decided to write this essay while learning Hmong language and culture, to talk about this issue. He did a good summary of this issue. It is helpful to understand from a young Hmong's perspective and words on that serious issue. In choosing to publish it in Hmong language, I hope to reach a public in Southeast Asia and South China where there are cases of teen suicide. I also hope this text will reach adults and parents as well, and helps them to understand suicide as a disease and as a difficulty to live instead of bad behaviors. Take care of you all. Each of you is a precious diamont. Life is beautiful and promises much more happiness whatever age you are. Take the challenge to go beyond culture constraints, and open the doors to beauties that need effort, courage and patience to face conflict and family discord. Keep you alive to see all the beauties in the world. Love Hmoob cov tub ntxhais txawj nyuab siab thaum lawv hnov hais tias niam txiv, phooj ywg ntsib kev txom nyem: daim ntawv uas Chris, ib tug tub hluas, sau yog mus kis no: nws txhawj xeeb thiab tu siab heev rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tau tas sim neej lawm. Li no, nws thiaj rov los nrhiav kom nws nkaj siab seb vim li cas neeg tuag tau thaum muaj kev nyuab siab heev. Thaum koj twm tag daim ntawv no, thov kom ua rau koj siab kaj ntsws zoo tuaj xwb, txawj rov mus hlub koj niam koj txiv, cov nus muag, phooj ywg, txheeb ze. Tsis tag li ntawv, thov kom daim ntawv ua ib txoj ke qhia koj hlub koj tus kheej. Lub ntiaj teb loj heev, tseem tshuav ntau yam zoo mus xyuas. Kev kho siab ntev ib hnub xwb, hos kev zoo siab yuav muaj ntau zaug ntxiv. Qhov no nyob ntawv koj kev ntsia! Nkauj Hli Yaj (Kao-Ly Yang), tus kho daim ntawv no (editor) Lus Qhib Txoj kev Txo Yus Tus Kheej (TYT-K)txoj sia yog ib yam teeb meem tu siab kawg nkaus, hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis tau txog yus hnub ncaim, ua cas yuav txiav txim siab mus? Kev rov tua yus tus kheej lino, yeej raug coob leej, tsis hais tus neeg twg, daim nqaij daim tawv xim dab tsi, laus hluas, muaj nyiag los sis pluag, yog poj niam los sis txiv neeg. Raws li Asmeslivkas lub vev xaim http://www.cdc.gov sau tawm, kev TYT-K txoj sia yog yam teeb meem thib kaum ib ntawm cov kev tas sim neej nyob Asmeslivkas teb. Tau ob peb xyoo dhau los no, peb haiv neeg Hmoob nyob Asmeslivkas tau ntsib txoj kev no: muaj coob tug Hmoob tau txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia. Ntxiv thiab, coob leej ho tseem yog cov tub hluas ntxhais hluas nyuam qhuav hlob raws li lub vev xaim Fresno Bee no qhia, uas kuv tseem yuav muab los nthuav ntxiv. Vim li cas ho tuag li no? Lawv cov teeb meem yog dab tsi? Loj li cas es yuav keb tsis tau? Peb Hmoob yuav ua li cas thiaj pab tau, tsis yog quaj xwb, tab sis txiav kom txhob muaj ntxiv? Hnub no, kuv xav hais tias cov ua niam ua txiv khaws tsis tau cov teeb meem no rau lawv tus kheej xwb: ntshe lawv yuav tau muab los tham tawm vim hais tias coob tug hluas ntsib kev nyuav siab heev, kawg kev tuag los ua kev cev lus rau lawv niam lawv txiv, rau cov coj noj coj ua ... . Tam si no peb yuav xav li cas? Kuv los yog ib tug hluas thiab. Rawv li kuv xav, peb yuav tau qhib qhov muag ntsia cov teeb meem no. Thiab muab cov menyuam tuag lawm tej kev nyuab siab, los kawm kom pab, kom pab tau cov tub ntxhais tseem ua neej nyob: peb yuav tsum tig rov mus saib mus ntsuas cov tub nxhais hluas kev ua neej nyob lub teb chaw vam meej no. Peb yuav mus nrhiav seb vim kev nyuaj siab dab tsi thiaj ua tau tuag? Lus Ntxiv Kev TYT-K txoj sia muaj ntau li cas? Raws li lub koom haum "Crisis: Suicide Statistics "au tshawb fawb, kev TYT-K txoj sia yog ib yam teeb meem uas neeg tsis tshua tham txog. Xyoo 2001, tau muaj 30,622 tus neeg tau tas sim neej vim lawv txo lawv txoj sia. Hos 132,353 yog cov uas nraug mob vim lawv tau sim txo lawv txoj sia tab sis tsis tuag. Lub vev xaim http://www.cdc.gov ntsuas tau hais tias txhua txhua xyoo twg, muaj ze li 765,000 tus neeg uas yeej xav txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia. Coob leej yog cov siv phom (muaj 45%). Muaj cov siv riam los sis lwm yam tswv yim xws li dai caj dab, dhia dej, haus tshuaj, thiab tsheb sib tsoo. Cov tib neeg twg yog cov txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia ntau dua? Muab saib xyuas, pom tau hais tias cov tuag li no, yog cov txiv neej, cov laus, thiab cov neeg Asmeslivkas coob tshaj. Nyob hauv xyoo 2001, muaj 5,393 tus laus tuag li no. Thaum muaj ib tug poj niam tuag, twb muaj 4 tug txiv neej lawm: li no, txiv neej rov tua lawv tus kheej 4 npaug tshaj poj niam. Xyoo 2001, yam thib 8 uas ua rau txiv neej tuag tshaj plaws yog kev txo sia. Tsis tag li ntawd, poj niam xav txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia 3 npaug ntau tshaj txiv neej. Tab sis, txiv neej tuag 4 npaug ntau tshaj poj niam. Vim li cas? Puas yog vim cov txiv neej tsis nyiam tham los sis tsis paub mus piav lawv cov teeb meem es thiaj muaj cov tuag tshaj poj niam? Txiv neej txo lawv txoj sia tshaj poj niam Siv phom tuag coob tshaj Cov neeg laus txo lawv txoj sia tshaj cov hluas Cov Khab "Native Indians", uas ib txwm nyob Asmeslivkas, yog pab neeg thib 2, uas txo lawv cov sia coob tshaj. Tab sis, yeej muaj cov hluas, cov poj niam, thiab lwm haiv neeg coob tug tau tas sim neej li no thiab. Mus saib hauv xyoo 2001, pom muaj: Ib hnub twg, muaj 11 tug hluas txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia 54% siv phom 86% yog tub; 14% yog ntxhais (Tag nrho muaj 3,971 tus tub ntxhais hluas es tau txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia) Dab tsi ua rau tib neeg xav TYT-K txoj sia? Rawv li kev tshawb faib pom, muaj ob txoj kev txhawj xeeb rau cov neeg tuag li no: 1.Teeb meem ua neej: Muaj ntau yam teeb meem neeg txhawj xeeb heev rau, xws li kev kawm tsis tau ntaub tsis tau ntawv, kev poob hauj lwm, kev ncaim ntawm yus tus hlub, kev tsis muaj leej twg hlub yus, kev muaj mob muaj nkees, kev tsis nyiam yus tus kheej, kev haus yeeb haus cawv, kev tsis muaj nyiaj, kev tsis haum xeeb nrog niam nrog txiv, ntawm ob niam txiv, kev mag ntaus mag tsim, thiab kev tua tib neeg. Tab sis, yog saib loj, yuav muaj ob hom teeb meem xws li 1.) kev mob hauv daim nqaij daim tawv los sis ?internal? ntxiv rau kev rov pom yus tus kheej: yog kev ntseeg hais tias yus tsis yog neeg tseem ceeb thiab tsis muaj leej twg hlub yus. 2.) kev nyuab siab los sab nrauv los sis "external" xws li kev sib nraug, kev poob hauj lwm, thiab kev tsis muaj nyiaj txiag. Yog ib tug neeg twg cais tsis tau cov teeb meem no, nws yuav nyuaj siab heev. 2. Kev nyuab siab: Yog kev nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv los sis "depression". Kev nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv yog ib yam mob uas yog mob hlwb. Vim hais tias qhov neeg ntshaw tshaj yog kev zoo siab uas muaj nyiaj, hwj chim, tus hlub, kev txhawb nqa, los sis peev xwm. Thaum tsis tau tej kev zoo siab ces, coob leej tau tag kev cia siab. Thaum ib tug neeg twg nyuaj siab ntau xyoo uas tsis kho li, qhov no ua rau nws yeej tsis xav ua neeg nyob. Yog nws kho tsis tau nws txoj kev nyuaj siab, thaum kawg, nws xav tias qhov tuag zoo tshaj qhov nyob. Li no, yuav tsum kho kiag thaum pib nyuab siab, txhob pub tos ntev. Vim li cas tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob txo lawv txoj sia? Rau lub xyoo 1998 mus rau lub xyoo 2002, tau muaj 8 tus tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob tau txo lawv tus kheej sia nyob hauv lub zos Fresno, xeev California. Qhov no ua rau tsoom Hmoob tsim kiag hais tias kev TYT-K txoj sia yog ib yam teeb meem tshwm sim tau rau cov tub ntxhais hluas. Tsev neeg twg, tsis hais cov niam txiv kawm ntawv siab los sis tsis tau kawm li, los tau muaj tej tug menyuam uas cia li rov tua nws tus kheej. Xyoo 2002 vas thib 11 lub 8 hli ntuj, tsab ntawv xov xwm The Fresno Bee tau sau txog cov tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob uas tau txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia. Daim ntawv hu ua "Poob zoo nyob Asmeslivkas Teb". ("Lost in America."). Cov menyuam no noob nyoog muaj 14 xyoo mus rau 17 xyoo xwb. 5 tug hluas yog txiv neej, 3 tug yog poj niam. Cov tub hluas lub npe muaj raws li no: Gerry Vaj, Richard A. Vaj, Hwm Vwj, Meej Xyooj, thiab Zoo Yaj. Cov ntxhais yog: Nkauj Zuag Paj Hawj, Maiv Ko Vaj, thiab Paj Nyiaj Xyooj. Peb tug tau haus tshuaj txuav nyiaj, ib tug tau poob dej tuag, ob tug tau dai caj dab tuag, thiab plaub tug tau siv phom rov tua lawv tus kheej. Tag nhro cov hluas no puav leej kawm ntawv siab nyob hauv Fresno. Nyob hauv lub zos no, Hmoob tsis yog haiv coob tshaj, tab sis cov hluas tuag li no yog Hmoob ntau tshaj lwm yam neeg. Vim li cas? Lo lus nug no qhia tau hais tias cov hluas Hmoob muaj teeb meem ntau heev los sis muaj ntau yam teeb meem es niam txiv tsis paub pab. Puas yog tiag uas peb cov menyuam tuaj ?poob phem? nyob lub niag teb chaws vam vam meej no es dab tsi los muaj tag? Es tseem tshuav tej yam dab tsi uas peb cov ua niam ua txiv tseem muab tsis tau txhij rau peb cov menyuam? Tsab ntawv no nthuav tau cov teeb meem zoo thiab piav qhia tseeb txog cov tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob cov cwj pwm thiab kev ntshaw ntau yam. The Fresno Bee Tub ntxhais Hmoob cov teeb meem muaj ntau npaum li cas? COV TEEB MEEM UA NEEJ: 1. Kev niam txiv txhawb nqa tsis txhua cov menyuam: ib txhia niam txiv tseem coj raws li kev cai qub, los sis tsis paub ntaub ntawv, tsis paub hais lus Askiv, tsis paub coj li tib neeg Asmeslivkas, tsis muaj nyiaj ntxiag, tsis muaj sij hawm los pab lawv cov menyuam. Vim muaj coob tug menyuam, thiaj ua rau pab tsis txhua li lub siab xav los sis tsis paub pab. 2.Tab sis, niam txiv Hmoob muaj kev vam loj heev thiab: vam kom cov menyuam kawm ntawv zoo, ua rau menyuam nyuaj siab. Txawm kawm tsis zoo los niam txiv tseem vam kom mus ua tus "doctor" (kws kho mob) los sis "lawyer" (kws lis choj). Coob tug tsis paub hais lus zoo, qhua kom rau rau siab kawm ntawv, qhov no ua rau coob tug tub ntxhais chim siab, tag kev cia siab. 3. Kev kawm ntaub ntawv tsis keej: feem coob tsis paub hais lus Askiv, thiab tsis nkag siab rau tib neeg Asmeslivkas kev coj. 4. Ib txhia hluas tsis xav kawm ntawv, ua rau lawv nyuaj siab ntxiv xws li, ntshai ib tsam lawv tsis keej npaum li neeg Asmeslivkas, tsis haum xeeb nrog niam thiab txiv, tu siab ib tsam tsis muaj leej twg nyiam lawv. Yog lawv poob ntawd, lawv ntshai ntau yam xws li, ntshai lawv niam thiab txiv poob ntshej muag, ntshai tshaj niam thiab txiv tsis hlub lawv. 5. Kev sib tham sib yuav los sis "dating issues" yog ib qhov teeb meem ua rau cov tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob txhawj xeeb heev. Ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tau txo lawv txoj sia, yog vim lawv tus hluas nkauj los sis hluas nraug tau tso lawv tseg. Thaum muaj li no, cov hluas tu siab heev vim lawm ntshai tsam tsis muaj lwm tus hlub lawv lawm. Tsis tag li ntawv, tseem muaj kev niam txiv hais tsis sib haum xeeb nrog menyuam txog kev tham hluas nkauj hluas nraug: niam thiab txiv xav kom cov menyuam kawm ntawv xwb. Ib txhia niam txiv tsis pub sib tham ua si li cov neeg tawv dawb. Rawv Hmoob kev cai, kev sib tham ces tham tiag tiag es yov sib yuav ua niam txiv xwb. Tab sis, cov menyuam nyob teb chaws Asmeslivkas tsis coj raws li Hmoob kev cai qub lawm. Lawv nyiam tham ua si ua phooj ywg. Kev sib chim sib ceg los ntau ntawm kev niam txiv thiab menyuam tsis pom ib txoj hauv kev: niam txiv tseem coj li Hmoob thaum ub. Menyuam uas niaj hnub mus kawm ntawv tom cov neeg Asmeslivkas twb mus yoog cov neeg Asmeslivkas lawm. Muaj "gap" los sis kev xav tsis sib thooj li lawm. Ob lub ntiaj teb nyob ua ke hauv ib lub siab ib tsev neeg, ua rau cov tub ntxhais cia li xav tau hais tias kev tuag yog txoj ke yuav khiav dim xwb. Tsis paub hais tias kev xaiv yus lub neej nyob ntawm yus tus kheej xwb; tsis txhob tuag. 6. Kev sib yuav thaum yaus: yog ib qhov teeb meem loj tshaj ua rau coob tug tub ntxhais hluas nyuab siab tsis paub tag. Thaum yuav txiv yuav poj niam lawm, ib txhia tsis paub sib hlub, tsis paub npaj lub neej, ua rau ntsib kev nyuaj siab. Thaum yog niam txiv yuam yuav xwb, Hmoob kev cai tsis pub sib nraug thiab, ua rau coob tug tub ntxhais hluas tsis kaj siab ua neeg, tsis pom qab mus tham nrog leej twg. 7. Kev xav hais tias tsis muaj leej twg hlub yus: Lub caij thaum yus tseem hluas yog ib lub caij uas tub ntxhais hluas ntshaw kev hlub. Yog tsis muaj leej twg hlub lawv los sis txhawb nqa lawv, lawv xav tias tsis muaj leej twg hlub lawv. Thaum xav li no, lawv pom tias lawv tsis yog neeg tseem ceeb. Lawv tsis zoo siab ces lawv pib nyuaj siab. 8. Kev yuav lwm yam neeg: niam txiv tsis pom zoo, ua rau muaj kev tu siab loj thiab nyuaj siab heev, tsis pom qab hais kom sib haum. 9. Yam teeb meem tshiab uas ib tug ntxhais rov nyiam ib tus ntxhais los sis ib tug tub rov nyiam ib tug tub (Gay and Lesbian issues). Raws li Hmoob kev cai qub, qhov no yog ib yam teeb meem loj heev, ua rau niam txiv, pab kwv tij txhua leej txhua tus txaj muag heev: yeej caiv tsis pub coj li no. Tab sis, nyob lub teb chaw Asmeslivkas tshiab no, muaj cov ntxhais cia li rov sib nyiam. Nyob tej lub xeev, yeej muaj cai los tiv thaiv cov neeg zoo li no. Tab sis, peb Hmoob tseem tsis paub yuav ua li cas nrog cov menyuam no. COV KEV NYUAB SIAB: 1.Muaj coob tug niam thiab txiv tsis txawj hlub lawv cov menyuam. Muaj ib txhia cem thiab ntau lawv tej menyuam txawm loj lawm, ua rau tub ntxhais hluas tu siab heev, tsis ntseeg siab kiag thiab tsis vam li lawm. 2.Kev ntshai poob ntsej muag xws li kev kawm tsis tau ntaub tau ntawv thiab kev muaj menyuam thaum yaus, ua rau coob tus tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob nyuaj siab heev. 3. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ntshaw txais kev nyiam kev hlub ntawm lwm tus neeg, xws li, los ntawm niam thiab txiv, phooj ywg, los sis kwv tij. 4.Kev tsis paub coj ua ib tug neeg twg nyob haiv neeg hmoob los sis "identity crisis": nyob hauv teb chaws no, coob leej tsis nkag siab rau kev ua neeg Hmoob thiab tsis paub mus yoog neeg Asmeslivkas. Lub siab faib ua ntau sab. Vim lawv hais tsis tau lus Hmoob los sis lus Askiv zoo, tsis paub Hmoob kev cai zoo los sis Asmeslivkas kev cai zoo, thiab tsis paub coj noj coj ua raws li Hmoob los sis Asmeslivkas. Zoo li no, lawv nyob rau hauv ob lub ntiaj teb es khuam nyob nrub nrab. "Paub ua neeg Hmoob me me, paub ua neeg Asmeslivkas me me", ua dab tsi los tsis yog li. 5."Pressures" (plhev-sawm) los sis kev tsim txom siab ntsws los ntawv sab nraud los. Kev nyuab siab li no ua tau rau cov tub ntxhais hluas xav txo lawv txoj sia. Dab tsis los zoo li yuav tsum ua tau xwb: kawm kom tau ntawv tab sis xav ua si tham hluas nkauj hlaus nraug, mloog niam thiab txiv lus tab sis xav ua li cov phooj ywg, coj kom tau li Asmeslivkas tab sis nco cov Hmoob thiab. Yog cov tub ntxhais hluas txiav tsis tau txim siab taug ib txoj kev xwb, ces thaum kawg, kev nyuaj siab sawv. 6.Thaum niam txiv ntshaw dhau : hauv tsab ntawv xov xwm, tau sau hais tias niam txiv Hmoob ntshaw ob yam rau lawv cov menyuam. 1.) xav kom cov menyuam ntsib kev vam meej nyob teb chaws Asmeslivkas. 2.) xav kom cov menyuam paub tshawb nqa haiv neeg Hmoob. Coob tug niam txiv Hmoob xav hais tias lawv kev ntshaw yog ib yam zoo heev pab lawv cov menyuam. Vim muaj li no, muaj coob tug niam txiv sib zog txhawb lawv cov menyuam. Qhov no yeej yog ib qhov zoo. Tab sis, rau tej tug menyuam, nws muaj kev nyuaj siab heev hais tias yuav ua li cas niam txiv thiaj zoo siab. Cov ua tsis tau, cia li poob qab thiab mus ua neeg phem. Lus Xaus Nyob hauv tsab ntawv xov xwv "Lost in America" (Poob zoo nyob Asmeslivkas teb), cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tau txo lawv tus kheej txoj sia ntsib 2 yam teeb meem: kev kawm ntaub ntawv tsis keej thiab kev sib tham sib yuav thaum yau. Cov tub ntxhais hluas no muaj 4 txoj kev nyuaj siab: kev tsis muaj leej twg hlub los sis txhawb nqa lawv, kev ntshai poob ntshej muag, kev tsis paub coj li ib tug neeg los sis "identity crisis", thiab kev txhawj xeeb los sis "stress" vim muaj "pressure". Thaum pom hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas Hmoob muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li no, vim lawv tsis paub faib lawv cov kev nyuab siab ntxhov plawv cia, sawv daws yuav tau xav seb yog vim dab tsi. Ua li cas thiaj kho tau tej yam kev coj li no? Tej zaum, yuav kho tsis tau cov teeb meem tag tag. Tab sis, qhov ua tau yog qhia menyuam faib teeb meem thiab muaj ntsia li ib txoj kev ua neej xwb; txhob nyuab siab rau, thiab txhob siab kub kub rau. Ntxiv mus, niam txiv yuav tau tswj lawv: khawm tej yam teeb meem ua menyuam ev tsis tau cia. Nco ntsoov hais tias menyuam txawj nyuab siab. 1.Peb Hmoob yuav tsum txawj nrog cov hluas tham, ua lawv niam thiab txiv, thiab ua lawv tus phooj ywg. 2.Txhob nthuav txhua yam kev nyuab siab rau cov menyuam thaum lawv tseem yau, 3.Cov neeg laus yuav tsum nkag siab hais tias kev ua neej nyob lub teb chaws Asmeslivkas no hloov lawm: cov hluas paub tsis tag Hmoob tej txuj ci, tab sis lawv tsis yog neeg phem. Nco ntsoov qhuas lawv rau txhua tsav yam lawv ua tau. 4.Tsim koom haum pab cov neeg nyuaj siab vim kev nyuab siab yog ib yam mob yuav hlob tuaj thaum tsis kho sai. 5.Txhob ntshai mus tham txojkev TYT-K txoj sia nrog cov neeg paub kho kev nyuab siab vim kev nyuab siab ntxhov plawv yog ib yam mob paj hlwb. Rau cov tub hluas los sis txiv neej, txhov txaj muaj qhib nej tej kev nyuab siab rau nej niam nej txiv, nej cov phooj ywg los sis nej cov kwv tij. Tsis yog piav qhia ces yuav xiam ntsej muag. Kev tham qhia lino yog thawj kauj nruam kho nej tus mob. Li no, yuav tau tham thiab tham ntxiv. Kev mob li no siv ntau xyoo los kho. Thaum nyuaj siab tuaj, yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab. Hu xov tooj rau 911 yog nyob Asmeslivkas teb los sis cov "urgences" ; yog coj kev cai qub, kav tsij mus thov txiv neeb pab kho. Cov lus no yog kuv kev xav. Vim kuv hlub thiab tshua cov tub ntxhais Hmoob, kuv thiaj tau sau daim ntawv no thaum kuv mus kawm ntawv Hmoob nrog Xij Fwb Dr. Nkauj Hli Yaj. Qhov no ua rau kuv nkag siab zoo tuaj rau cov teeb meem no. Kuv thov kom nej cov tuaj twm daim ntawv no tag, yog nej muaj kev nyuab siab, thov nej mus nrhiav kev pab. Los sis yog muaj menyuam nyuab siab, nej ua niam ua txiv yuav tau ua siab ntev pab nej tus menyuam kom dhau lub caij no. Nej yuav tau coj nws mus ntsib kws kho mob. Txhob tos ntev vim kev nyuab siab yog ib yam mob xws li mob plab los mob ntshav siab uas yuav tau tswj thiab kho ceev li ceev tau. Cov Ntawv Kuv Muab Los Tshawb Fawb Berman, Alan L. "Suicide", Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. (CD-Rom) Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2002. © 1993-2001 Microsoft Corporation "Crisis: Suicide Statistics", http://www.inforline.org/crisis/stats.asp. Infoline.org (Web site) © 2004 Ellis, Anne Dudley. "Lost in America", The Fresno Bee. Aug. 11, 2002. pg. 2-12 http://www.fresnobee.com/special/hmong/intro Fang, May. "Hmong Teen Suicide", Hmong Movement. Summer 2003 © 2004 Hmong Students Inter-Collegiate Coalition (HSIC). "National Center for Injury Prevention and Control: Suicide-Overview", Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC.org (Website) © 2004 http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/suifacts.htm Copyritghs © 2004 Chris Lee All rights reserved. Daim ntawv yog sau rau hoob hmoob xyoo 3 hauv Southeast Asian Summer Studies Institute (SEASSI), Language and Culture of Asia: 507-508, Third Year Hmong Language, Advanced Level, lub caij ntuj so 2004. ROV MUS SAUD |
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| TOPICS OF 2005 February 21, 2005 "4 sab phab ntsa": Randy Travis "4 murs" Randy Travis 4 Walls",Randy Travis March 9, 2005: Guest writer: Chris Lee Kev txo yus tus kheej txoj sia: tub ntxhais hluas kev nyuab siab Essai sur les causes de suicide chez les adolescents hmong Essay on Hmong teenagers' suicide March 27, 2005 Kho Hmoob kev tsim karaoke Critique sur le karaoke hmong Criticism on Hmong Karaoke March 28, 2005 Koom Haum Hmoob Thaib Association de développement chez les Hmong en Thailand Hmong Association for Developement in Thailand March 28. 2005 Huab tais Nplog tus Tub Xeeb Ntxwv Kev Npau Suav Les espoirts du petit-fils du roi du Laos Laotian Prince Soulivong Savang's Hope March 28, 2005 Huab Tais tus Tub xeev ntxwv ua "Phibthi" rau cov tub rog tuag La commémoration des soldats et civils mort durant la guerre secrète au Laos The Commemoration of deaths during the "Secret War" in Laos March 29, 2005 Kev toob kas noj mov zaub tseem tseem Le besoin de manger organic The need of organic food April 4, 2005 Ua li cas ib tug zaj thiaj plhis tau mus ua Huab Tais ntxhais nkauj ntxawm La peur des adolescents: comment un dragon peut-il devenir une princesse? Teenager's fear: How could a dragon become a princess? April 9, 2005: Guest writer: Paj Nyiag Xyooj Nws yog pes tsawg ne ... Hmoob tus me nqi tshoob Essai sur la problématique du prix de fiancée Voicing the Bride Price in Hmong Weddings April 25, 2005 Nkag siab rau lub neej laus nyob teb chaws vam meej Comprendre le 3ième age chez les Hmong Understanding the New Old Age in Hmong Community May 7, 2005 Txheej txheem tshawb fawb Méthodes de recherche: la contribution des recherches issues du groupe. L'expérience d'un ethnologue d'origine hmong Research Methods: the contribution of native researchers. The experiences of an Ethnologist of Hmong origin August 8, 2005 Kev thim xav txog tus nqi tshoob Critique sur le prix de fiancée Criticism on the Bride Price Sij Hawm liv xwv keeb kwm ua neej Chronologie historique des Hmong Hmong American Timeline December 18, 2005 Tus tsov: yog tsiaj los sis yog dab. Le tigre: est-ce un animal ou un mauvais esprit? The Tiger: is it an animal or a bad spirit? |